Journal des maladies et troubles oculaires

Abstrait

Congenital Glaucoma Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects: About 414 Eyes

Mehdi Khamayli, Sara Idmane, Loubna El Maaloum, Bouchra Allali, Asmaa El Kettani, Khalid Zaghloul

Congenital glaucoma is a rare and severe pathology because it is potentially blinding. The aim of this study is to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of this pathology in the pediatric ophthalmology department of Casablanca, Morocco. We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of all children admitted into our department from January 2002 until January 2018 for primary congenital glaucoma. The data collected concerned anamnestic and clinical parameters, management and evolution. 414 eyes belonging to 226 patients were included. The average age of diagnosis was 8.4 months, a sex ratio of 1.3, consanguinity at 61.9% with 14.2% of similar cases in the family, the mode of consultation was 85.5% done by the observation of an abnormal eye by the parents. The most common reason for consultation was megalocornea in 52%, the CG was bilateral at 82.7%, associated with a general pathology of 4.4%, the initial average IOP was of 18.2 mmHg The treatment time compared with the first consultation was 21 days on average, the most commonly used treatment was trabeculectomy associated with 5-FU at 97%, with a total success of 60.5%, partial success at 21.4% with or without hypotonic medical treatment. Surgical treatment should be instituted as soon as possible. In the absence of a well-defined consensus, the choice of the surgical method should be made taking into account the experience of the surgeon, and the age and the particularities of each patient.