Journal of Petroleum & Environmental Biotechnology

Abstrait

Phytoremediation of Oil Sludge Using Bacterial Consortium (Bacillus sphaericus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and MycorhizedAlbizia (Paraserianthesfalcataria(L.) Nielsen) to Reduce Pb and Ni in Oil Sludge Contaminated Soil

Nia Rossiana, Ida Indrawati, Yayat Dhahiyat, Hana Evelyn Caesarina

Bioremediation is considered as a method to manage petroleum waste and contaminated soil by decomposition process of biological waste by utilizing microorganisms (Indonesian Minister of Environment stipulation No.128 year of 2003). Oil sludge is categorized as hazardous waste that must be treated by Environmental friendly method such as Phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is utilization of microorganism (bacterial /fungal) combined with the plant for bioremediation. Phytoremediation of oil sludge by using bacterial consortium (Bacillus sphaericus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and mycorrhized (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) against Pb and Ni value has been conducted in the media containing 35% oil sludge for 18 weeks. Oil sludge was composted for 6 weeks and then the media was planted with mycorrhized until 18 weeks. The main parameters measured were the heavy metals content Pb and Ni, the number of bacterial colonies before during the process of phytoremediation with 3-week intervals for 18 weeks and after composting. Heavy metals content Pb and Ni were analyzed using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer), while the number of bacterial colonies was counted by Total Plate Count (TPC). Data analysis was performed by regression. Secondary parameters were the percentage of mycorrhizal infection on the roots of albizia, acidity (pH), humidity (%) and temperature (°C) of medium. These parameters were analyzed descriptively. Our results revealed that phytoremediation decreased content of Pb and Ni as much as 57% and 89.2%, respectively. Regression analysis showed that the number of bacterial colonies strongly related to reduction of heavy metals content. The extensive time of remediation resulted a better reduction in heavy metals content with 18 weeks as the most favorable time.