Journal de gestion des zones côtières

Abstrait

The Impact of Gaza Fishing Harbour on the Mediterranean Coast of Gaza

Mazen Abualtayef, Said Ghabayen, Ahmed Abu Foul, Ahmed Seif2, Masamitsu Kuroiwa, Yuhei Matsubara, Omar Matar

The Mediterranean coast of Gaza strip, which is covered about 40 km in length, is rich by coastal resources.
The development that occurred along the coastal lines has led to the host of problems such as increased
erosion, siltation, loss of coastal resources and the destruction of the fragile marine habitats. In order to
conserve the depleting coastal resources, the changes due to development and associated activities must be
monitored. Studying the temporal pattern of shoreline change is considered one of the most effective means
of monitoring the cumulative effects of different activities. An attempt was made to study the impact of Gaza
harbour on shoreline displacement along 6 km. This paper was intended to detect changes of coastal area in
Gaza city to provide future database in coastal management studies. The analysis was carried out using
image processing technique (ERDAS) and Geographical Information System platform. The variation during
38 years in the shoreline along the Gaza coast was determined by analyzing MSS, TM and ETM Landsat
images from 1972 to 2010. The analyses identified the erosion and accretion patterns along the coast. The
shoreline was advanced south of the Gaza fishing harbor, where the wave-induced littoral transport was
halted by southern breakwater and the annual beach growth rate was 15,900 m2. On the downdrift side of
the harbor, the shoreline was retreating and beaches erode at an annual rate of -14,000 m2. This study was
emphasized that the coastal band is considered as a critical area, it is therefore necessary to monitor coastal
zone changes because of the importance of environmental parameter and human disturbance. In particular,
the projections of future shoreline erosion and accretion rates are considered important for long-term
planning and environmental assessment for a variety of projects, including the construction and tourism
facilities